This study analyzed the efficiency of a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membrane bioreactor in treating wastewater. The performance of the bioreactor was determined based on various parameters, including performance of pollutants, nitrification, and membrane degradation. The results demonstrated that the PVDF hollow fiber membrane bior

PVDF membrane bioreactors emerge as a promising solution for removing wastewater. These modules harness porous PVDF membranes to separate contaminants from wastewater, generating a cleaner effluent. Recent studies indicate the efficiency of PVDF membrane bioreactors in removing various waste components, including biochemical oxygen demand. The resu